Mengenal Tes TPS UTBK SNBT Lengkap Dengan Contoh Soal Dan Pembahasan

One of the most severe episodes of liquefaction in modern times occurred in China during the Tangshan earthquake of 1976. Some scientists estimate that an area of more than 2,400 sq km was subjected to severe liquefaction, which contributed to the expensive damage that took place in the southern part of the city. The liquefaction of the soft lake sediment upon which central Mexico city was built amplified the effects of the 1985 earthquake, the epicenter of which was located hundreds of miles away. In addition, the liquefaction of the ground beneath the Mission and Market districts in San Francisco during the 1906 earthquake caused several structures to pitch and collapse. These districts were built on poorly filled reclaimed wetlands and shallow-water areas.

Liquefaction may also contribute to sand blows, which are also known as sand boils or sand volcanoes. Sand blows often accompany
the liquefaction of sandy or silty soil. With the collapse of the soil‟s granular structure, the density of the soil increases. This increased pressure squeezes the water out of the pore spaces between the soil grains and expels wet sand from the ground. Sand blows have been observed in the aftermath of several earthquakes, including the New Madrid earthquakes of 1811-12, the Tangshan earthquake of 1976, the San Francisco-Oakland earthquake of 1989, and the Christchurch earthquakes of 2010-11. In addition, liquefaction may also cause landslides. For example, during the Alaska earthquake of 1964, the liquefaction of a sandy layer of soft clay beneath Turnagain Heights, a suburb of Anchorage, caused a landslide in the mass of ground above that destroyed approximately 75 homes and disrupted utilities.

(Adapted from https://www.britanica.com/science/soil- liquefaction)

57. The passage above mainly deals with …..

A. Earthquake and its impact
B. Liquefaction and its impact
C. Examples of liquefaction cases
D. Liquefaction in China
E. Damages caused by liquefaction